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00:00:01
a 747 plummets towards the Pacific Ocean00:00:10
people just parked up like popcorn00:00:17
this airplane is totally out of control00:00:20
it is gonna crash00:00:25
in two minutes China Airlines flight 00600:00:29
drops 10 kilometers through the clouds00:00:32
ASB 27000:00:36
the plane begins to tear itself apart as00:00:40
it spirals towards the sea00:00:48
I thought I was gone00:00:59
urgency emergency00:01:25
February the 19th 1985 a China Airlines00:01:29
flight cruises across the Pacific to Los00:01:31
Angeles at 12 000 meters it's racing00:01:35
towards the door00:01:37
for the passengers and crew on board00:01:39
it's past midnight00:01:44
a two-man relief crew is in charge of00:01:46
the plane as it sails above the ocean on00:01:49
autopilot00:01:51
the main crew gets several hours off in00:01:54
the middle of the trip so they're rested00:01:56
for the landing00:02:00
but Captain mumyun ho is restless00:02:06
good morning gentlemen00:02:09
even though he's not officially on duty00:02:11
yet Captain ho returns to the cockpit00:02:17
I thought I'd keep you company00:02:20
the captain isn't the only one up00:02:23
best friend sex Ann Cano and Alex null00:02:26
have something to celebrate I feel like00:02:28
I'm In First Class00:02:30
it's saxon's 30th birthday00:02:33
I have the longest birthday because I00:02:36
just gained my 12 hours back00:02:39
and we've been drinking champagne00:02:41
celebrating 41 000 feet in the air you00:02:45
know not too many people get to do that00:02:48
Bill peacock is in first class he's00:02:51
traveled all over the world for the00:02:53
American government00:02:54
there was nothing special it was a00:02:56
routine commercial flight I had a very00:02:59
nice first-class seat sat there and read00:03:01
some books went to sleep00:03:07
yeah00:03:08
by now the plane is nearing the coast of00:03:11
California00:03:16
[Music]00:03:17
good morning ladies and gentlemen we00:03:20
will surely be serving you breakfast for00:03:22
those of you who wish to adjust your00:03:24
watches the local time in Los Angeles is00:03:26
now 7am00:03:30
sleep well very well sir thank you00:03:33
good morning Captain after their00:03:35
five-hour break the flight crew is00:03:37
reunited in the cockpit00:03:43
soon after the plane runs into some00:03:46
stiff winds00:03:49
ladies and gentlemen this is your00:03:50
captain speaking we're experiencing some00:03:52
light air turbulence00:03:54
the autopilot is set to keep the plane00:03:57
flying at 470 kilometers an hour00:04:00
but with the wind blowing hard it's00:04:02
increasingly difficult to maintain the00:04:04
speed00:04:06
for the crew the bumpy ride suddenly00:04:09
gets more worrying Engine 4 is giving us00:04:11
weak thrust00:04:13
there's a problem with one of the00:04:15
engines00:04:17
the flight engineer throttles up the00:04:19
engine00:04:22
but it doesn't respond00:04:25
we're losing speed00:04:29
back in economy Saxon canyo has also00:04:31
noticed something if you notice the00:04:33
light in that Wing isn't flashing00:04:35
anymore00:04:36
so I I thought there was some light00:04:39
blinking at the tip of the the wing look00:04:42
like a cone00:04:44
but at when I look back this time00:04:47
I didn't see no cone00:04:49
all the light in that one's still00:04:51
flashing00:04:52
I think you had a few buddy00:04:54
have a seat00:04:59
in the cockpit the strange situation00:05:02
suddenly gets much worse00:05:04
Engine Force landed out00:05:07
the fourth engine stops working00:05:09
completely00:05:11
take a look at the engine out procedures00:05:13
work out a three engine Cruise altitude00:05:16
the problem with the fourth engine isn't00:05:18
a complete surprise00:05:21
at the pre-flight briefing Captain ho00:05:23
was told that a repair crew had worked00:05:25
on Engine 4 before the flight00:05:30
s the engine still wasn't working00:05:32
properly00:05:35
we had a snag advisor on Engine 4 before00:05:37
we took off yes maybe that's it00:05:40
without the fourth engine the plane00:05:42
continues to slow down00:05:45
ESP 240.00:05:50
call off and center and request a lower00:05:52
altitude00:05:55
Oakland Center00:05:57
Dynasty 006 requesting new audio00:06:03
dynasty006 standby00:06:11
reignite engine 4.00:06:13
as Captain at this altitude there isn't00:06:16
much oxygen so the chances of a00:06:18
successful re-light are Slim00:06:22
foreign00:06:30
as the crew tried to restart their00:06:33
engines their planes slowly begins to00:06:36
roll to the right00:06:41
we're banking right captain00:06:43
AirSpeed 23000:06:45
as the plane continues to turn and slow00:06:47
down it's in danger of stalling00:06:51
altitude hold off nose dump00:06:54
hoping to increase his speed Captain ho00:06:57
tries pushing the plane's nose down00:07:01
nothing the crew does seems to help00:07:03
their jet is banking more and more00:07:05
steeply00:07:06
dynasty flight 006 Oakland Center how do00:07:10
you hear asp220 we're banking right00:07:13
Captain I'm disengaging autopilot00:07:22
First Time Captain ho takes manual00:07:24
control of the plane00:07:31
he struggles with the controls but the00:07:34
plane has veered into thick cloud00:07:36
and he can't see the Horizon as he tries00:07:39
to keep his jet level00:07:50
just minutes after their fourth engine00:07:52
stopped working the China Airlines00:07:54
flight suddenly stalls and begins00:07:56
falling from the sky00:08:13
people just popped up like popcorn00:08:15
hitting the cabin and all the train was00:08:18
flying hot tea pot noodles and all the00:08:23
nuggets in the compartment for hitting00:08:26
people you could hear rivets popping it00:08:28
sounded like bullets were hitting the00:08:31
outside of the aircraft which you know00:08:32
were out in the middle of the ocean00:08:33
nobody's shooting at us00:08:38
at that time we didn't know we're gonna00:08:40
live or die00:08:42
China Airlines flight 006 is out of00:08:46
control and hurtling towards the ocean00:08:57
a China Airlines jet is tumbling out of00:08:59
the sky00:09:00
after losing power to one engine the jet00:09:03
is spinning out of control00:09:08
it's dropping fast straight towards the00:09:11
Pacific Ocean00:09:17
you can see the stewardesses all these00:09:19
people who didn't have that seat belt on00:09:21
they were flying00:09:38
[Applause]00:09:40
[Music]00:09:44
Dynasty zero zero six Oakland Center how00:09:47
do you hear me the crew are stunned00:09:49
blindsided by their Jet's bizarre00:09:51
behavior00:10:04
dynasty006 Oakland Center how do you00:10:06
hear me00:10:14
how do you hear me00:10:18
struggling against the plane's wild00:10:20
motion the flight engineer tries again00:10:22
to restart his fourth engine00:10:34
the g-forces are so powerful that the00:10:37
flight engineer is pinned to the control00:10:39
pedestal00:10:41
006 Oakland Center do you copy00:10:45
need to see this in Oakland Air Traffic00:10:47
Control spots the plane's sudden descent00:10:51
in a matter of seconds the plane Falls00:10:53
almost 3000 meters00:11:02
in the cabin the g-forces are punishing00:11:13
or close to my eye00:11:15
I thought I was gone I thought the plane00:11:18
just blew up in the midair the plane is00:11:21
about to exceed its maximum speed00:11:27
tumbling madly through the clouds the00:11:29
747 finally starts to pull out of its00:11:32
nosedive00:11:37
plane writes itself the g-forces change00:11:39
direction the passengers are pressed to00:11:42
the floor feeling five times their00:11:44
normal weight00:11:46
I remember looking over at this00:11:48
dignified00:11:50
older Chinese gentleman who was sitting00:11:53
in across the aisle from me and his face00:11:56
was being contorted like this like he00:11:58
was lying on his side in a wax museum in00:12:01
a fire I mean his face would just all00:12:03
contorted as the crew struggles to00:12:06
regain control of the plane it begins to00:12:08
slow down00:12:11
006 Oakland Center how do you read me00:12:14
one folding knots and falling00:12:19
the jet is still dropping but not as00:12:21
fast00:12:22
this could be the crew's chance to00:12:24
regain control I knew we were really in00:12:27
trouble because g-forces instead of00:12:29
being00:12:30
horizontal started moving around00:12:34
to the vertical so we were being pushed00:12:37
down into our seats and instead of00:12:39
sideways00:12:41
as their speed continues to fall the00:12:44
flight engineer reaches desperately for00:12:46
the engine throttles it's been 80. but00:12:49
the engines don't respond00:12:55
after tumbling 3000 meters in 30 seconds00:12:58
the jumbo jet plunges again into another00:13:01
freeform00:13:03
[Music]00:13:11
and the second time when it went down00:13:13
this time is plunge I mean it went down00:13:21
the change is Swift once again the00:13:25
passengers feel pulled towards the nose00:13:27
of the plane00:13:30
you know this airplane is totally out of00:13:33
control00:13:34
it is gonna crash00:13:40
for00:13:41
sliding around and flying around and00:13:44
shoved to one side and then shoved to00:13:45
another side so it was it was kind of00:13:48
like being on a boat that gear is broken00:13:51
loose and it's just going back and forth00:13:53
with the waves00:13:56
ugly00:14:04
my stomach was up to my throat00:14:09
to smell people00:14:12
urinating in in their pants00:14:17
I I really made peace with the Lord00:14:22
and I said you know to myself I said you00:14:25
know I've really had a wonderful life if00:14:28
this is the end I'm ready to do it00:14:36
as the plane spins towards the ocean the00:14:39
airspeed increases rapidly00:14:42
[Music]00:14:51
dynasty006 with the crews struggling to00:14:54
control the plane six separate calls00:14:56
from Air Traffic Control go unanswered00:14:58
[Music]00:15:01
the stress of the dive tears the landing00:15:04
gear doors off the plane00:15:06
in less than a minute the plane drops00:15:08
six kilometers00:15:14
he said I love you man I told him I love00:15:16
you man00:15:17
he said goodbye to our wife and he said00:15:20
something about his belonging he gave00:15:22
all his belonging to his wife and and00:15:25
that's when we just start pushing our00:15:27
chair back together00:15:34
with no visible horizon line Captain ho00:15:37
doesn't know which way is up00:15:40
without a reference he can't stop the00:15:43
plane from spinning00:15:45
emergency00:15:52
after blindly plunging thousands of00:15:54
meters the plane finally breaks free00:15:57
from cloud and when this thing was00:15:59
falling down it looked like you have a00:16:01
magnifying glass and you went like that00:16:03
and also in the white water break coming00:16:05
closer and closer faster and faster it's00:16:09
like incredible and we thought we were00:16:10
going to die00:16:14
as he struggles for control Captain ho00:16:17
has only 30 seconds before his crippled00:16:19
plane smashes into the ocean00:16:22
foreign00:16:27
[Music]00:16:35
for the first time since beginning his00:16:37
harrowing descent the captain can now00:16:39
use the horizon line as a reference in00:16:41
leveling the plane00:16:43
as he tries to pull the plane out of its00:16:45
dive the passengers pay the price00:16:49
their bodies are forced into their seats00:16:51
battered by another dramatic change in00:16:54
Direction00:16:56
G-Force was so strong and I weigh 20000:17:01
pounds so my weight was almost 120000:17:03
pounds00:17:08
it's a Race Against Time and the plane00:17:11
starts to win00:17:15
ADI is coming back as the plane finally00:17:18
begins to level the attitude indicators00:17:20
return to normal API is coming in more00:17:23
importantly as mysteriously as the00:17:25
incident began free of the plane's00:17:27
engines regain power engines one two and00:17:30
three are coming back00:17:34
[Music]00:17:38
captain foreign00:17:44
once again the flight engineer tries to00:17:46
reignite the fourth engine but this time00:17:49
Engine 4 reign00:17:55
For the First Time In Minutes the plane00:17:57
is flying under control they saved the00:18:00
airplane they pulled the airplane out of00:18:03
this acrobatic maneuver00:18:05
at an altitude of 9500 feet they popped00:18:09
out of the clouds at 11 000 feet and00:18:12
they had the airplane in stable level00:18:14
flight by 9500 feet that was a00:18:18
masterpiece of flying00:18:19
ladies and gentlemen this is the captain00:18:21
speaking00:18:23
is anyone hurt00:18:25
do we have a doctor armor00:18:32
there's a gentleman be sitting behind me00:18:34
I'll splatter with blood Farm hitting00:18:37
the compartment00:18:39
so we kept flying and next thing I knew00:18:43
that the whole plane was quiet00:18:47
real quiet00:18:49
nobody talk very much if they talk with00:18:52
Whispering because we don't know we00:18:54
still don't know we're gonna live or die00:18:57
dynasty006 fell off my screen but she's00:19:00
back now what a new controller Brian00:19:03
Campbell has taken over control of00:19:05
dynasty006 Dynasty 006 Oakland Center do00:19:08
you hear me00:19:10
can you fly the plane00:19:12
zero zero six we are flamed out00:19:15
we uh00:19:18
emergency00:19:20
we are nine or a thousand nine a00:19:22
thousand00:19:23
Roger Roger we have radar contact00:19:26
Auckland Center00:19:29
dynasty006 we can control the aircraft00:19:31
Roger Roger less than 10 minutes after00:19:34
the start of their problems everything00:19:36
seems normal again radar vectors to00:19:39
return to the course00:19:40
there really is nothing I can do00:19:42
to assist he's the pilot he's flying the00:19:45
airplane00:19:46
um I'm gonna give him a safe altitude to00:19:49
descend to I'm giving him a destination00:19:50
it appeared to me that he was well in00:19:54
control of his aircraft00:19:57
006 Oakland Center are you declaring an00:20:00
emergency do you want to divert to San00:20:03
Francisco00:20:04
negative Oakland Center condition normal00:20:07
now we will continue to Los Angeles00:20:10
Air Traffic Control clears the plane to00:20:12
climb to 10 500 meters but a new problem00:20:16
soon arises00:20:18
captain00:20:20
our landing gear is down and one00:20:24
can you bring them up00:20:27
negative00:20:28
the hydraulic fluid in system one is00:20:30
empty00:20:31
for some reason the plane's landing gear00:20:33
is down hydraulic fluid which controls00:20:36
the gear and many other parts of the00:20:38
plane is also leaking away00:20:43
zero six00:20:46
two seven zero Dynasty00:20:49
006 Oakland Center do you have injuries00:20:53
stand by Oakland00:20:56
sir are you okay00:21:00
my head00:21:01
one passenger has suffered serious00:21:03
injuries and two dozen others have cuts00:21:06
and bruises zero zero six we have at00:21:09
least two injuries on board00:21:11
dynasty006 Oakland Center are you00:21:14
declaring an emergency do you want a00:21:16
divert to San Francisco stand by Oakland00:21:26
center00:21:28
dynasty006 with declaring an emergency00:21:30
we request a direct route to San00:21:33
Francisco well they cleared all the00:21:35
other airplanes out of the way they gave00:21:37
him clear Runway00:21:39
so nobody was waiting nobody he had00:21:41
didn't have to wait for anybody else he00:21:43
went straight in for a landing Dynasty00:21:45
zero zero six Oakland Center you are now00:21:48
cleared you are free to descend at00:21:50
pilate's discretion00:21:53
[Music]00:21:56
Captain ho not only has injuries on00:21:58
board the plane itself has been severely00:22:01
damaged his rear elevators which help00:22:04
control the altitude of the plane don't00:22:06
seem to be working without them Landing00:22:09
his jet safely will be extremely00:22:11
difficult00:22:13
the problem is it's a very big airplane00:22:15
and it responds very very slowly and you00:22:18
just might not do it before you run out00:22:20
of air you might hit the ocean00:22:24
what you need is a very cool head00:22:27
Captain ho must now land using varying00:22:29
amounts of engine thrust00:22:31
after pulling the plane out of its00:22:33
terrifying dive if he makes one mistake00:22:36
flight 006 could still end in disaster00:22:47
nearing the end of a trip across the00:22:49
Pacific Ocean China Airlines flight 00600:22:52
Falls suddenly from the sky00:23:01
after a terrifying plunge the crew00:23:04
manages to wrestle the plane level again00:23:07
but the jet is badly crippled the00:23:10
elevators aren't working without them00:23:12
Captain ho has to land mostly by00:23:14
reducing power to his engines it's a00:23:17
controlled fall towards the runway as we00:23:20
came in we flew over the house in00:23:22
Atherton where I had lived where my kids00:23:25
had been born and I looked and said boy00:23:28
this is fit in if if we don't make it00:23:30
down or if this plane explodes on00:23:32
Landing because it's been so badly00:23:35
torqued and and ruptured you know at00:23:38
least I got to see that00:23:46
oh00:23:49
yeah00:23:53
[Applause]00:23:58
[Music]00:24:01
he made one of the best Landings I've00:24:04
ever seen I mean it was just perfect00:24:06
touchdown00:24:07
[Applause]00:24:08
ladies and gentlemen this is Captain00:24:10
Paul speaking wishing you a safe journey00:24:14
hope you enjoyed aura00:24:16
uneventful flight00:24:18
thank you for flying China Airlines I00:24:21
thought he was a hero he saved our life00:24:23
I mean how can we fellows very we don't00:24:28
know how far we fell that time and we00:24:32
thought he was a hero and everything was00:24:33
fine00:24:34
[Applause]00:24:37
thank you00:24:39
[Music]00:24:43
on the ground the full extent of the00:24:46
damage to the plane can be seen00:24:50
I saw this enormous piece of extremely00:24:53
complicated Machinery that is much00:24:56
larger than most buildings00:24:58
sitting there on the tarmac with bits00:25:01
ripped off it00:25:03
parts of the entire tail plane at the00:25:06
end were ripped off00:25:08
as though a tornado had come through or00:25:10
a crane had been in and ripped pieces00:25:12
out of it00:25:13
it was a very sobering experience00:25:17
it's clear why the crew had such a hard00:25:19
time Landing the plane00:25:21
enormous chunks of the tail are missing00:25:24
either torn off by the stress of the00:25:27
dive or crushed when the landing gear00:25:29
doors broke loose00:25:35
if the damage had been much more severe00:25:37
the crew wouldn't have been able to00:25:39
regain control of their jet00:25:45
two dozen passengers have minor injuries00:25:47
only one requires hospitalization but is00:25:51
soon released00:25:54
a near disaster was avoided00:25:56
but what had gone wrong in the first00:25:58
place00:26:00
the national Transportation safety board00:26:03
arrived that very day and launched their00:26:05
investigation00:26:08
the cockpit voice recorder is sent to00:26:10
Washington00:26:11
but it's designed to tape over itself00:26:13
every 30 minutes00:26:15
none of what happened in the cockpit00:26:17
during the terrifying plunge from the00:26:19
sky remains without a cockpit voice00:26:21
recorder we had to reconstruct what the00:26:25
what the crew said and how they00:26:27
interpreted things and what was going on00:26:28
in the carpet to the best of our00:26:30
abilities with the other data that was00:26:32
available to us00:26:34
a record of the plane's instrument00:26:36
activity during the flight has been00:26:38
captured by the flight data recorder00:26:42
but again the team runs into a problem00:26:45
the flight data recorder experienced00:26:47
unprecedented stress during the dive00:26:50
there were electrical interruptions too00:26:52
which cause gaps in the recording00:26:56
the FDR information will have to be00:26:58
recovered using painstaking techniques00:27:00
of reconstruction00:27:03
it's a frustrating start to the00:27:05
investigation00:27:07
investigators begin with what they do00:27:09
have00:27:10
passengers and crew report that just00:27:12
before the failure of the Jet's fourth00:27:14
engine the plane flew through unexpected00:27:16
turbulence00:27:20
caused the engine to fail00:27:27
satellite weather maps revealed that00:27:29
there was Indeed heavy air turbulence00:27:30
over the Pacific00:27:33
but it wasn't severe enough to cause00:27:35
engine failure00:27:37
the Jets four engines are tested and00:27:40
studied00:27:41
even after the horrific dive through the00:27:44
sky they're found to be in working order00:27:49
however given the previous history of00:27:52
problems with engine 4 it receives00:27:54
particular scrutiny00:27:58
they had an anomaly with one of the00:28:00
engines00:28:01
they believed that the engine had flamed00:28:04
out or that there was something00:28:05
seriously wrong with the engine the wear00:28:08
on a small throttle valve trimmer is00:28:10
measured it's worn down by only four one00:28:13
thousandth of an inch but that's enough00:28:16
to restrict the fuel flow to engine 4.00:28:20
is giving us good thrust00:28:22
investigators determined that at 12 00000:28:24
meters Engine 4 did indeed deliver00:28:27
weaker than normal thrust it's known as00:28:29
a hung engine00:28:34
aircraft logbook reveals that engine 400:28:36
had been written up on two previous00:28:38
occasions just the week before00:28:41
perhaps the engine wasn't properly fixed00:28:43
which led to the China Airlines mishap00:28:50
TSB decided to dig deeper into the00:28:52
history of maintenance on engine 4. we00:28:55
had a snag advisor on Engine 4 before we00:28:57
took off maybe that's it00:29:00
but after weeks of Investigation the00:29:02
NTSB concludes that the engine didn't00:29:05
need to be replaced00:29:07
all the repairs were done according to00:29:09
the book a faulty engine was not the00:29:12
cause of the accident00:29:14
and even with the loss of one engine the00:29:17
plane shouldn't have been in immediate00:29:18
danger engine four flamed out a 747 is00:29:22
designed to fly on only three engines00:29:26
at the loss of thrust on a four engine00:29:29
airplane is a minor event it's an event00:29:32
you have to take care of it but the00:29:34
airplane is easily re-trimmed and the00:29:36
airplane will fly on three engines with00:29:38
with no difficulty we're banking right00:29:40
Captain AirSpeed 230 the airplane is00:29:44
perfectly capable of flying it's not as00:29:46
efficient because it's got this big00:29:47
round drag producing device out there00:29:50
not you know not producing any thrust00:29:52
but given that it's not going to get00:29:55
quite so many miles per gallon otherwise00:29:57
it's perfectly flyable00:29:58
take a look at engine out procedures00:30:01
work out a three engine Cruise altitude00:30:03
yes captain00:30:05
there are standard procedures to follow00:30:07
in the case of an engine failure but the00:30:09
crew of the China Airlines flight hadn't00:30:11
followed them they tried to reignite the00:30:14
engine immediately instead of descending00:30:17
reignite engine 4.00:30:19
it's captain00:30:21
they attempted to restart00:30:23
um00:30:24
much too high you are supposed to00:30:26
attempt to restart an engine only below00:30:28
30 000 feet00:30:29
they were at 41 000.00:30:33
but it's a little curious to me as why00:30:35
they didn't use the normal relight00:30:39
procedure they were starting to try to00:30:42
relight the engine at altitude and that00:30:44
would likely not relied00:30:48
no response captain00:30:49
it's a mistake but it shouldn't have led00:30:52
to the plane spiraling out of control00:30:55
so how had a manageable problem turned00:30:57
into a near disaster00:31:00
I've lost ADI the Adis have00:31:02
malfunctioned00:31:04
it's going out of limits to get more00:31:06
information on what was happening in the00:31:08
cockpit investigators interview the00:31:10
flight crew00:31:12
I heard the captain report the ADI was00:31:14
lost00:31:15
and then I saw the standby ADI was also00:31:18
going at a limits00:31:20
the crew tell investigators that their00:31:22
Adis which measure how level the plane00:31:25
is weren't working00:31:28
they could have said this can't possibly00:31:31
be right00:31:32
and looking at their indicators can't00:31:34
possibly be right and therefore they00:31:36
must have failed the attitude indicator00:31:38
had indicated a position so implausible00:31:43
that it looked like it had to be a00:31:45
failed instrument this couldn't be what00:31:48
the plane was really doing00:31:53
but in fact when the Adis are studied by00:31:56
the NTSB they're all found to be00:31:59
perfectly normal00:32:01
when we started banking right00:32:04
Engine 4 was already flamed out00:32:08
we started to descend faster and engines00:32:11
1 2 and 3 also fail00:32:16
NTSB investigators are even more00:32:19
confused when the crew tells them that00:32:21
all of their engines had failed00:32:25
with the exception of engine 4 the00:32:27
flight data recorder indicates that the00:32:29
other three engines were working the00:32:31
entire flight00:32:34
ignition negative if the engines had all00:32:38
failed there would have been a host of00:32:40
other problems such as cabin00:32:41
depressurization but that didn't happen00:32:45
engines one two and three are coming00:32:47
back finally when we descended lower in00:32:51
altitude00:32:52
one two and three came back00:32:54
and we were able to reignite Engine00:32:56
Number Four engine Engine 4 reignited00:33:01
at the end of the dive the crew had the00:33:03
plane Under full power it was a00:33:06
remarkable recovery00:33:09
but to investigators it's a puzzle the00:33:11
story The Crew is telling doesn't match00:33:13
up with the evidence they've uncovered00:33:21
after months of Investigation the NTSB00:33:25
team slowly pieced together a00:33:26
reenactment of the planes near00:33:28
catastrophe over the Pacific00:33:31
it includes information from the00:33:33
reconstructed flight recorder personal00:33:35
interviews and the air traffic control00:33:38
transcript00:33:40
when the work is complete there's only00:33:42
one conclusion00:33:43
apart from a problem with a small valve00:33:46
there was nothing wrong with the 74700:33:48
before it plunged from the sky00:33:51
in fact it was the crew that made a00:33:54
series of fateful decisions that almost00:33:55
crashed the plane00:33:59
foreign00:34:02
just after 10 o'clock Pacific time00:34:04
Engine 4 starts to lose thrust Engine 400:34:07
is giving us weak thrust00:34:10
the flight engineer struggles to fix the00:34:12
problem00:34:15
but investigators discover that he00:34:16
doesn't take one of the most basic steps00:34:19
he should have00:34:20
he leaves the engine's bleed air valve00:34:22
on00:34:23
the bleed air valve takes air generated00:34:26
by the engine to help cool the plane00:34:28
when an engine isn't working properly00:34:30
the valve is supposed to be closed so00:34:33
the engine can use all available air to00:34:35
restart it's a little puzzling that the00:34:38
flight engineer didn't shut off bleed00:34:41
air00:34:42
and the most in my mind the most likely00:34:44
reason for it is that he didn't expect00:34:46
to be told to restart the engine at 4100:34:49
000 feet00:34:50
and so when the captain instructed him00:34:52
to try some restarts00:34:54
he just kind of wasn't ready with his00:34:56
checklist he wasn't he was doing00:34:58
something out of order and that's why it00:35:01
didn't occur to him to shut down the00:35:03
bleed air00:35:04
the end result is that the engine which00:35:06
is slow to start won't start at all00:35:10
unwittingly the flight engineer has00:35:12
started a ticking clock00:35:16
Engine 4 is slowly losing its ability to00:35:19
stay lit00:35:20
we're losing speed00:35:22
with more engine power on the left wing00:35:25
than the right the China Airlines flight00:35:27
begins turning in order to keep it from00:35:29
turning to the right the proper thing to00:35:31
do would have been to step on the rudder00:35:32
that would have produced a00:35:36
twisting force so to speak that would00:35:39
have overcome the imbalance of the00:35:41
engines00:35:42
but instead of adjusting the rudder00:35:44
himself Captain ho continues to let the00:35:47
autopilot fly the jet00:35:52
the autopilot is designed not to move00:35:55
the rudder the autopilot can adjust the00:35:58
ailerons and spoilers on the plane's00:35:59
wings but these flaps aren't strong00:36:02
enough to overcome the imbalance that00:36:04
the plane is experiencing without the00:36:06
help of the rudder the plane's turn00:36:08
becomes steeper and steeper now it's00:36:11
possible that he'd forgotten that the00:36:13
autopilot didn't use the rudder he may00:36:15
have been assuming all along that the00:36:16
autopilot was just flying the airplane00:36:18
the way a human being would have which00:36:20
it wasn't00:36:21
Engine 4 flamed out investigators00:36:24
discover that after losing power to his00:36:26
fourth engine Captain ho continues to00:36:28
leave the autopilot on he doesn't take00:36:31
complete control of the plane00:36:34
he doesn't adjust the plane's Rudder00:36:36
with his left foot00:36:40
he didn't use the rudder to compensate00:36:43
for the lack of thrust on the right00:36:45
outboard engine00:36:47
the airplane started to lose speed and00:36:50
one thing led to another and in the end00:36:52
it was really that little error of00:36:55
airmanship the failure to step on that00:36:58
left Rudder pedal that triggered00:37:00
everything else00:37:03
reignite engine 4.00:37:05
it's captain00:37:07
rather than taking control of flying the00:37:10
plane Captain Ho's attention seems to be00:37:12
focused on his engine problem something00:37:14
that his flight engineer could handle on00:37:16
his own00:37:24
flying the airplane00:37:25
but it's happened over and over again in00:37:28
aviation that the crew gets focused on a00:37:31
problem with a system in this case an00:37:34
engine but it could have been a light00:37:36
bulb it could have been any other00:37:39
malfunction and if everybody's focused00:37:42
on that and nobody is flying then00:37:44
they're not prepared for what's00:37:46
happening to the airplane00:37:48
the plane enters a critical moment it's00:37:51
about to flip on its side and enter a00:37:53
nosedive00:37:54
the NTSB believes that the captain was00:37:57
concentrating on his airspeed indicator00:37:59
but seemingly fails to notice the00:38:01
instrument directly beside it his00:38:03
attitude indicator00:38:07
this instrument would have warned him00:38:09
that his plane was starting to roll00:38:11
alarmingly to the right00:38:13
they concentrated on one part of the00:38:15
phenomenon and lost the full picture00:38:19
and as they lost the full picture they00:38:22
lost apparently a very important part of00:38:24
any00:38:26
instrument flying which is the scan you00:38:29
look at all of the primary instruments00:38:31
one after the other and whatever is00:38:34
going on you look at them all constantly00:38:39
during the plane's nosedive it flies00:38:41
through thick cloud00:38:43
with no visual Horizon as a reference00:38:45
the flight crew must trust their00:38:47
instruments to level the plane00:38:49
I've lost Adi instead what investigators00:38:53
believe happened is that the crew became00:38:55
spatially disoriented they decided that00:38:58
their instruments were failing they00:39:00
simply didn't believe what they were00:39:01
seeing and they thought they had lost00:39:03
their attitude instruments they hadn't00:39:06
lost their attitude instruments the00:39:08
airplane was in fact embarking on an00:39:10
aerobatic maneuver the most probable00:39:12
reason for all three crew members00:39:14
believing something so unlikely is that00:39:17
all attitude indicators could00:39:18
malfunction in the same way at the same00:39:20
time is that the way in which they00:39:22
malfunctioned was so unexpected and00:39:24
strange that it didn't seem to00:39:26
correspond to any possible thing that00:39:28
the airplane could be doing the airplane00:39:30
had in fact rolled over on its back and00:39:32
gone into a vertical dive and that's00:39:34
something that Boeing 747s don't00:39:36
typically do as the plane begins00:39:38
tumbling towards the ocean another00:39:40
critical lapse in judgment occurs we00:39:43
stand by EDI was also going out of00:39:45
limits I tried to restart during00:39:48
interviews the flight engineer told the00:39:50
NTSB that all three of the plane's00:39:53
working engines failed00:39:55
we started to descend faster and engines00:39:58
one two and three also feel00:40:02
with the flight data recorder shows that00:40:04
in fact they were still working In the00:40:07
Heat of the crisis the engineer had made00:40:09
an enormous mistake00:40:13
the investigation reveals that as the00:40:15
plane fell the thrust in each engine was00:40:17
indeed reduced dramatically00:40:20
but the cause wasn't engine trouble00:40:22
the engine throttles had been lowered to00:40:24
idle in an attempt to slow the Furious00:40:27
fall of the jet00:40:30
it was something the engineer missed in00:40:32
the chaos of the dive00:40:40
it's about this situation if he had not00:40:42
seen the captain pull the power to Idol00:40:45
on the the engines00:40:48
he would reasonably assume that the fact00:40:51
that they went to Idol was a problem00:40:53
rather than intentional00:40:56
investigators also believe that they00:40:58
know why the engines didn't give the00:41:00
crew more power when the engineer tried00:41:01
to throttle them up00:41:03
the cold temperatures at 9 000 meters00:41:06
would stop them from responding quickly00:41:08
[Music]00:41:09
but In the Heat of the Moment the00:41:12
engineer could have taken their slow00:41:13
response as another indication that they00:41:15
failed00:41:18
the NTSB discovers that indeed gauges in00:41:22
the generator panel behind the engineer00:41:24
showed that the three engines were still00:41:25
firing00:41:28
but the gravitational force became so00:41:30
powerful the engineer couldn't look back00:41:38
after months of painstaking Recreation00:41:41
the NTSB investigators believe they00:41:44
understand what happened inside the00:41:46
cockpit of China Airlines flight 00600:41:50
but what they don't understand is why00:41:54
the cruise medical records are examined00:41:57
was there something wrong with the00:41:58
captain that might explain the bizarre00:42:00
behavior00:42:01
nothing turns up00:42:03
you know that wasn't just The Three00:42:05
Stooges who you know won a trip on a 74700:42:08
or something it was a train crew highly00:42:10
experienced thousands of hours How could00:42:13
an experienced crew make so many00:42:15
fundamental mistakes00:42:21
the investigators find the answers in00:42:23
the hours before the incident00:42:26
what they uncover is a potential danger00:42:28
that affects Pilots around the world00:42:37
foreign00:42:41
1985 a series of small pilot errors lead00:42:45
to a terrifying plunge from the sky00:42:52
spinning wildly out of control a China00:42:55
Airlines flight tumbled 10 kilometers00:42:57
towards the Pacific Ocean00:43:02
by the time the crew regained control00:43:04
the plane was badly damaged00:43:07
amazingly everyone on board survived00:43:12
investigators have uncovered a series of00:43:15
mistakes which nearly led to the death00:43:16
of everyone on board China Airlines00:43:18
flight 006.00:43:21
but how could an experienced00:43:23
well-trained and healthy crew make so00:43:25
many mistakes00:43:28
the NTSB team decides to examine all of00:43:31
the factors affecting human behavior00:43:33
including a new field of research00:43:36
[Music]00:43:37
for the first time as far as I know in a00:43:41
report the circadian rhythms the00:43:44
biorhythms the day and night functioning00:43:46
of the body was seriously taken into00:43:49
account as a possible explanation of why00:43:52
an extremely experienced Boeing 74700:43:56
captain00:43:57
didn't notice things that to other00:44:01
Pilots might have seemed obvious such as00:44:04
the fact that his airplane was busy00:44:06
flipping on his back when he was00:44:08
attempting to deal with an engine00:44:09
problem00:44:11
although Captain ho had the required 1500:44:14
hours off duty before flying that day00:44:17
the NTSB investigators take a closer00:44:20
look at the Captain's schedule before00:44:22
the night of the flight00:44:24
I do not think I was fatigued00:44:29
can't say I slept well during the flight00:44:31
this accident occurred at what would be00:44:33
about 2 A.M all the time00:44:35
and that's pretty significant most00:44:37
people are asleep around 2 A.M so this00:44:40
incident occurred at a point in his00:44:44
rhythms in his body clock where he would00:44:47
be uh at his deepest sleep00:44:51
I remember also that he had he had gone00:44:54
back into there's a crew rest area on00:44:56
747 and he said he'd arrested for five00:44:58
hours and slept for two but another00:45:00
thing I remember from his interview is00:45:01
he said you never really sleep well on00:45:04
the airplane Captain never sleep well00:45:06
during the flight00:45:08
I worked many years for this Airline00:45:11
but I never have this problem before00:45:13
that seemed like a very true statement I00:45:16
you know it's hard it's hard to get a00:45:18
really solid sleep uh on the airplane00:45:20
particularly if you're the person in00:45:21
command as he was00:45:23
so00:45:24
putting all together we we saw this is00:45:26
an experience crew a qualified crew and00:45:29
they were flying on a schedule that00:45:32
would make them susceptible to some of00:45:34
the uh some of the negative or adverse00:45:36
effects of fatigue00:45:38
during six flights in the previous six00:45:41
days Captain ho had covered a total of00:45:44
18 time zones00:45:48
[Music]00:45:49
I thought I'd keep you company00:45:52
the NTSB research suggests that00:45:54
desynchronosis or jet lag may have been00:45:57
a Cause00:46:00
and I think all these factors certainly00:46:02
uh would have contributed to uh as being00:46:06
performing at less than his full00:46:08
potential at the time00:46:11
investigators also take a closer look at00:46:14
the very Machinery that is supposed to00:46:16
make long distance flying easier00:46:19
take a look at the engine out procedures00:46:21
work out a three engine Cruise altitude00:46:23
yes captain00:46:26
people in the front of airplanes00:46:27
[Music]00:46:30
plane stances which nobody has foreseen00:46:33
the human being in the front of the00:46:35
airplane can react creatively can solve00:46:38
a problem that nobody has thought about00:46:40
before in real time00:46:42
and automation can't solve problems that00:46:46
nobody has thought about before in real00:46:49
time in quite the same way the NTSB00:46:52
concludes that possibly fatigued from00:46:54
air travel and bored by the monotony of00:46:56
his tasks we're banking right Captain00:46:58
I'm disengaging autopilot00:47:03
the captain relied on his autopilot for00:47:05
too long00:47:06
when he should have taken Direct Control00:47:08
he hesitated trusting his systems that00:47:11
is obviously a failure the crew didn't00:47:14
behave as they should have behaved pilot00:47:16
error00:47:18
as a result of the China Airlines near00:47:20
mishap and other incidents around the00:47:22
same time aircraft manufacturers began00:47:25
to rethink the design of their automated00:47:27
systems00:47:29
the idea of the automation is that it's00:47:32
going to help the human do the human's00:47:35
job it's going to help the human take00:47:37
the airplane from the gate to the gate00:47:40
at the other end and it's going to help00:47:42
along the way Boeing makes use of this00:47:44
particular incident to say we still want00:47:47
the crew to have full Authority so that00:47:49
they can move the controls as far as00:47:51
it's physically possible to move them00:47:54
and to manage the airplane even if it00:47:56
may bend the airplane because it is00:47:59
better to do that than to restrict the00:48:02
Pilot's Authority and then have him00:48:04
guess whether or not he's in charge of00:48:06
the computers in charge00:48:10
whatever mistakes the flight crew made00:48:12
that day they did succeed in their00:48:15
ultimate task00:48:18
he flew the airplane well they did an00:48:20
excellent job with the approach00:48:21
afterward they were careful with the00:48:25
airplane they knew the airplane had been00:48:26
damaged they didn't know the severity of00:48:28
it they were gentle with the maneuvering00:48:32
and yet tested enough to make sure that00:48:35
they wouldn't get themselves in further00:48:36
trouble as they made the approach to00:48:38
Landing the one big thing they did right00:48:42
and one only ever needs to do one big00:48:45
thing is they saved the airplane00:48:50
and in principle that's all you ever00:48:53
need to do right when something happens00:48:55
to your airplane you need to save the00:48:57
airplane and you need to save the00:48:58
passengers and that's what they did00:49:07
how can you forget something like that00:49:09
that I survived through that so it's00:49:12
hard for me to to forget that I was00:49:15
lucky and it wasn't my time here the00:49:19
pilot saved our lives he got us into it00:49:22
but he got us out of00:49:26
and perhaps there was one other hero00:49:28
that day the Boeing 747 itself it was00:49:33
put through Maneuvers and stresses that00:49:35
far outweighed its known limits00:49:38
and yet despite it all the aircraft00:49:40
survived and landed safely00:49:43
[Music]00:49:51
[Music]00:49:55
foreign00:49:57
[Music]Description:
Less than 500 km from Los Angeles, disaster strikes China Airlines Flight 006. Minor issues, starting with the failure of the fourth engine, rapidly escalate into a full-blown crisis. The plane stalls and hurtles towards the Pacific Ocean. What caused a series of unfortunate events on this flight? Want to watch full episodes? Check out this playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLiXVS8S6-YAUBts83-WRHLjn1DCSSNcjb Mayday: Air Disaster - From Season 4 Episode 6 "Panic over the Pacific": China Airlines Flight 006 February 19, 1985, a series of small mistakes causes a 747 passenger jet to fall 30,000 feet (10 kms) in just two minutes. Could a lack of sleep be behind the near disaster of China Airlines flight 006? Mayday: Air Disaster is a dramatic non-fiction series that investigates high-profile air disasters to uncover how and why they happened. Mayday: Air Disaster follows survivors, family members of crash victims and transportation safety investigators as they piece together the evidence of the causes of major accidents. So climb into the cockpit for an experience you won’t soon forget. Subscribe to the OFFICIAL Mayday: Air Disaster channel here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeRxxz9ByOqdd8A-0iF_Idg?sub_confirmation=1
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